Đề luyện thi tốt nghiệp THPT môn Tiếng Anh nâng cao số 14
Đề luyện thi Tiếng Anh nâng cao theo cấu trúc môn Ngoại ngữ áp dụng từ năm 2025, gồm 40 câu trắc nghiệm nhiều lựa chọn trong 50 phút. Chủ đề trọng tâm: Space Safety and Scientific Observation. Ngữ liệu được viết mới và đối chiếu theo tài liệu chính thức của Bộ Giáo dục và Đào tạo, Cambridge English, British Council cùng các tổ chức quốc tế có uy tín; có đáp án và giải thích tiếng Việt.
Câu 1.
Many students assume that interpreting astronomical risk information is simply watching dramatic space videos. In reality, the experience can be genuinely (1) ______. A national science museum has therefore launched a (2) ______ named ‘Orbit Watch’. Every participant attends a briefing that (3) ______ the practical and ethical issues involved. The level of support is tailored (4) ______ each learner’s prior experience. Those hoping to (5) ______ can work alongside specialists, whereas newcomers who are not accustomed to (6) ______ begin with guided simulations.
Choose the option that best fits blank (1).
A. intellectual demand
B. demanded intellectually
C. intellectually demand
D. methodologically rigorous
Câu 2.
Many students assume that interpreting astronomical risk information is simply watching dramatic space videos. In reality, the experience can be genuinely (1) ______. A national science museum has therefore launched a (2) ______ named ‘Orbit Watch’. Every participant attends a briefing that (3) ______ the practical and ethical issues involved. The level of support is tailored (4) ______ each learner’s prior experience. Those hoping to (5) ______ can work alongside specialists, whereas newcomers who are not accustomed to (6) ______ begin with guided simulations.
Choose the option that best fits blank (2).
A. carefully supervised planetary science programme
B. carefully supervised planetary programme science
C. carefully supervised science planetary programme
D. carefully supervised science programme planetary
Câu 3.
Many students assume that interpreting astronomical risk information is simply watching dramatic space videos. In reality, the experience can be genuinely (1) ______. A national science museum has therefore launched a (2) ______ named ‘Orbit Watch’. Every participant attends a briefing that (3) ______ the practical and ethical issues involved. The level of support is tailored (4) ______ each learner’s prior experience. Those hoping to (5) ______ can work alongside specialists, whereas newcomers who are not accustomed to (6) ______ begin with guided simulations.
Choose the option that best fits blank (3).
A. to cover
B. covers
C. covering
D. covered
Câu 4.
Many students assume that interpreting astronomical risk information is simply watching dramatic space videos. In reality, the experience can be genuinely (1) ______. A national science museum has therefore launched a (2) ______ named ‘Orbit Watch’. Every participant attends a briefing that (3) ______ the practical and ethical issues involved. The level of support is tailored (4) ______ each learner’s prior experience. Those hoping to (5) ______ can work alongside specialists, whereas newcomers who are not accustomed to (6) ______ begin with guided simulations.
Choose the option that best fits blank (4).
A. with
B. at
C. to
D. for
Câu 5.
Many students assume that interpreting astronomical risk information is simply watching dramatic space videos. In reality, the experience can be genuinely (1) ______. A national science museum has therefore launched a (2) ______ named ‘Orbit Watch’. Every participant attends a briefing that (3) ______ the practical and ethical issues involved. The level of support is tailored (4) ______ each learner’s prior experience. Those hoping to (5) ______ can work alongside specialists, whereas newcomers who are not accustomed to (6) ______ begin with guided simulations.
Choose the option that best fits blank (5).
A. do analytical discipline
B. make analytical discipline
C. take analytical discipline
D. acquire analytical discipline
Câu 6.
Many students assume that interpreting astronomical risk information is simply watching dramatic space videos. In reality, the experience can be genuinely (1) ______. A national science museum has therefore launched a (2) ______ named ‘Orbit Watch’. Every participant attends a briefing that (3) ______ the practical and ethical issues involved. The level of support is tailored (4) ______ each learner’s prior experience. Those hoping to (5) ______ can work alongside specialists, whereas newcomers who are not accustomed to (6) ______ begin with guided simulations.
Choose the option that best fits blank (6).
A. drawing conclusions
B. to drawing conclusions
C. the drawing conclusions
D. having drawing conclusions
Câu 7.
Read Space News Critically
Before taking action, identify the immediate problem as well as (7) ______ observational and statistical constraints. Do not simply (8) ______ inconvenient evidence, because today’s shortcut may create serious long-term (9) ______. (10) ______ relying on a single observation, compare several independent sources. This reduces the (11) ______ of reaching a confident but false conclusion. Finally, organise reusable (12) ______ so that later decisions can be checked and improved.
Choose the option that best fits blank (7).
A. the others
B. other
C. others
D. another
Câu 8.
Read Space News Critically
Before taking action, identify the immediate problem as well as (7) ______ observational and statistical constraints. Do not simply (8) ______ inconvenient evidence, because today’s shortcut may create serious long-term (9) ______. (10) ______ relying on a single observation, compare several independent sources. This reduces the (11) ______ of reaching a confident but false conclusion. Finally, organise reusable (12) ______ so that later decisions can be checked and improved.
Choose the option that best fits blank (8).
A. bring about
B. come across
C. brush aside
D. carry out
Câu 9.
Read Space News Critically
Before taking action, identify the immediate problem as well as (7) ______ observational and statistical constraints. Do not simply (8) ______ inconvenient evidence, because today’s shortcut may create serious long-term (9) ______. (10) ______ relying on a single observation, compare several independent sources. This reduces the (11) ______ of reaching a confident but false conclusion. Finally, organise reusable (12) ______ so that later decisions can be checked and improved.
Choose the option that best fits blank (9).
A. consequent
B. consequently
C. consequence
D. consequences
Câu 10.
Read Space News Critically
Before taking action, identify the immediate problem as well as (7) ______ observational and statistical constraints. Do not simply (8) ______ inconvenient evidence, because today’s shortcut may create serious long-term (9) ______. (10) ______ relying on a single observation, compare several independent sources. This reduces the (11) ______ of reaching a confident but false conclusion. Finally, organise reusable (12) ______ so that later decisions can be checked and improved.
Choose the option that best fits blank (10).
A. Instead of
B. Owing to
C. In case of
D. Apart from
Câu 11.
Read Space News Critically
Before taking action, identify the immediate problem as well as (7) ______ observational and statistical constraints. Do not simply (8) ______ inconvenient evidence, because today’s shortcut may create serious long-term (9) ______. (10) ______ relying on a single observation, compare several independent sources. This reduces the (11) ______ of reaching a confident but false conclusion. Finally, organise reusable (12) ______ so that later decisions can be checked and improved.
Choose the option that best fits blank (11).
A. level
B. likelihood
C. amount
D. quality
Câu 12.
Read Space News Critically
Before taking action, identify the immediate problem as well as (7) ______ observational and statistical constraints. Do not simply (8) ______ inconvenient evidence, because today’s shortcut may create serious long-term (9) ______. (10) ______ relying on a single observation, compare several independent sources. This reduces the (11) ______ of reaching a confident but false conclusion. Finally, organise reusable (12) ______ so that later decisions can be checked and improved.
Choose the option that best fits blank (12).
A. factors
B. amounts
C. records
D. substances
Câu 13.
Choose the best arrangement of the following utterances to make a meaningful exchange.
a. Mai: That sounds worthwhile. What will you focus on there?
b. Khoa: I have registered for a workshop on planetary defence communication at the city observatory.
c. Khoa: We will learn how to explain uncertainty without exaggerating danger.
A. b – c – a
B. b – a – c
C. c – a – b
D. a – b – c
Câu 14.
Choose the best arrangement of the following utterances to make a meaningful exchange.
a. Linh: Why did you choose that particular session?
b. Tuan: I am considering the advanced session on planetary defence communication.
c. Tuan: Because it teaches participants to explain uncertainty without exaggerating danger.
d. Linh: I see. Does it mention any difficulties?
e. Tuan: Yes. It warns that probabilities change as new observations arrive.
A. a – b – c – e – d
B. b – c – a – d – e
C. b – a – c – d – e
D. d – b – a – e – c
Câu 15.
Choose the best arrangement of the following sentences to make a meaningful email.
Hi Alex,
a. Please let me know by Thursday whether you can join us.
b. Last week, our class completed a preliminary activity on planetary defence communication.
c. I am writing to invite you to the follow-up session at the city observatory.
d. The discussion was demanding because probabilities change as new observations arrive.
e. The next session will show us how to explain uncertainty without exaggerating danger.
A. d – b – c – e – a
B. b – c – d – a – e
C. c – b – d – e – a
D. c – e – b – a – d
Câu 16.
Choose the best arrangement of the following sentences to make a meaningful paragraph.
a. For example, learners can examine a realistic case involving planetary defence communication before proposing a response.
b. Case-based learning can make lessons on planetary defence communication more intellectually demanding.
c. It requires students to connect evidence, assumptions, and possible consequences.
d. However, the teacher must provide sufficient background and clearly defined criteria.
e. With that support, students can practise reasoning rather than merely recall isolated facts.
A. b – c – a – d – e
B. a – b – d – c – e
C. b – a – c – d – e
D. d – b – c – a – e
Câu 17.
Choose the best arrangement of the following sentences to make a meaningful paragraph.
a. Nevertheless, probabilities change as new observations arrive.
b. Interest in planetary defence communication has increased as its consequences have become more visible.
c. This interest has encouraged schools and community organisations to offer specialised activities.
d. In response, organisers are adding preliminary guidance and supervised practice.
e. As a result, participants can tackle difficult material without being expected to master it immediately.
A. a – d – b – c – e
B. b – c – a – d – e
C. b – a – c – e – d
D. c – b – a – d – e
Câu 18.
An automated orbit-screening platform, once confined largely to specialist settings, is beginning to enter public service. A pilot system (18) ______. Since that demonstration, it has been evaluated in several real-world environments. The project is coordinated by an international astronomy consortium, (19) ______. (20) ______. Its designers therefore invited users and frontline staff to test early versions. (21) ______. What distinguishes the system, however, is its ability to update orbital estimates whenever new observations are submitted. Equipped with specialised sensors and decision rules, (22) ______. The developers emphasise that it cannot eliminate uncertainty when the observation arc is short.
Choose the option that best fits blank (18).
A. was first presented during a controlled public trial in 2024
B. which first presenting during a controlled public trial in 2024
C. having first present during a controlled public trial in 2024
D. that its first presentation was during a controlled public trial in 2024
Câu 19.
An automated orbit-screening platform, once confined largely to specialist settings, is beginning to enter public service. A pilot system (18) ______. Since that demonstration, it has been evaluated in several real-world environments. The project is coordinated by an international astronomy consortium, (19) ______. (20) ______. Its designers therefore invited users and frontline staff to test early versions. (21) ______. What distinguishes the system, however, is its ability to update orbital estimates whenever new observations are submitted. Equipped with specialised sensors and decision rules, (22) ______. The developers emphasise that it cannot eliminate uncertainty when the observation arc is short.
Choose the option that best fits blank (19).
A. succeeded to combine by technical research and affected users
B. whose team combines technical research with consultation from affected users
C. which its team combines technical research with consultation from affected users
D. of which team combining technical research and consultation from affected users
Câu 20.
An automated orbit-screening platform, once confined largely to specialist settings, is beginning to enter public service. A pilot system (18) ______. Since that demonstration, it has been evaluated in several real-world environments. The project is coordinated by an international astronomy consortium, (19) ______. (20) ______. Its designers therefore invited users and frontline staff to test early versions. (21) ______. What distinguishes the system, however, is its ability to update orbital estimates whenever new observations are submitted. Equipped with specialised sensors and decision rules, (22) ______. The developers emphasise that it cannot eliminate uncertainty when the observation arc is short.
Choose the option that best fits blank (20).
A. Technical accuracy alone, which does not a guarantee of public trust and usability
B. Having guaranteed public trust, technical accuracy alone is not
C. Technical accuracy alone does not guarantee that a public system will be trusted or usable
D. Although technical accuracy alone guaranteeing a public system to trust and use
Câu 21.
An automated orbit-screening platform, once confined largely to specialist settings, is beginning to enter public service. A pilot system (18) ______. Since that demonstration, it has been evaluated in several real-world environments. The project is coordinated by an international astronomy consortium, (19) ______. (20) ______. Its designers therefore invited users and frontline staff to test early versions. (21) ______. What distinguishes the system, however, is its ability to update orbital estimates whenever new observations are submitted. Equipped with specialised sensors and decision rules, (22) ______. The developers emphasise that it cannot eliminate uncertainty when the observation arc is short.
Choose the option that best fits blank (21).
A. Having changed language, controls, and warning thresholds by their feedback
B. Language, controls, and warning thresholds led their feedback to change
C. Their feedback, which the changes in language, controls, and warning thresholds
D. Their feedback led to changes in language, controls, and warning thresholds
Câu 22.
An automated orbit-screening platform, once confined largely to specialist settings, is beginning to enter public service. A pilot system (18) ______. Since that demonstration, it has been evaluated in several real-world environments. The project is coordinated by an international astronomy consortium, (19) ______. (20) ______. Its designers therefore invited users and frontline staff to test early versions. (21) ______. What distinguishes the system, however, is its ability to update orbital estimates whenever new observations are submitted. Equipped with specialised sensors and decision rules, (22) ______. The developers emphasise that it cannot eliminate uncertainty when the observation arc is short.
Choose the option that best fits blank (22).
A. the system can update orbital estimates whenever new observations are submitted
B. update orbital estimates whenever new observations are submitted can be the system
C. the system, which update orbital estimates whenever new observations are submitted
D. there can the system update orbital estimates whenever new observations are submitted
Câu 23.
Planetary defence has moved from a specialist concern to a wider public priority. Effective responses generally combine finding near-Earth objects, tracking their orbits, and communicating verified risk assessments. These measures are mutually reinforcing; when one is missing, progress may be temporary or uneven.
Astronomers and risk analysts must revise orbital estimates as additional observations become available. Their choices are shaped by available evidence, institutional capacity, and the consequences of delay. Because early data cover only a limited arc, initial impact probabilities may later rise or fall.
A persistent obstacle is that early estimates may appear alarming because a short observation record permits many possible trajectories. The aim is therefore not merely to react to individual incidents but to address the underlying conditions needed for sustained improvement. More observations can narrow uncertainty about an object’s future path.
Modern practice increasingly uses coordinated telescope networks and computational orbit models. In particular, automated sky surveys and shared international databases can make patterns visible and support earlier action. Nevertheless, A preliminary probability is a reason for continued observation, not proof that an impact will occur.
(Adapted and rewritten from official materials published by NASA.)
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a component of an effective response?
A. communicating verified risk assessments
B. finding near-Earth objects
C. destroying every asteroid that passes near Earth
D. tracking their orbits
Câu 24.
Planetary defence has moved from a specialist concern to a wider public priority. Effective responses generally combine finding near-Earth objects, tracking their orbits, and communicating verified risk assessments. These measures are mutually reinforcing; when one is missing, progress may be temporary or uneven.
Astronomers and risk analysts must revise orbital estimates as additional observations become available. Their choices are shaped by available evidence, institutional capacity, and the consequences of delay. Because early data cover only a limited arc, initial impact probabilities may later rise or fall.
A persistent obstacle is that early estimates may appear alarming because a short observation record permits many possible trajectories. The aim is therefore not merely to react to individual incidents but to address the underlying conditions needed for sustained improvement. More observations can narrow uncertainty about an object’s future path.
Modern practice increasingly uses coordinated telescope networks and computational orbit models. In particular, automated sky surveys and shared international databases can make patterns visible and support earlier action. Nevertheless, A preliminary probability is a reason for continued observation, not proof that an impact will occur.
(Adapted and rewritten from official materials published by NASA.)
The word ‘temporary’ in paragraph 1 is OPPOSITE in meaning to ______.
A. uncertain
B. partial
C. lasting
D. limited
Câu 25.
Planetary defence has moved from a specialist concern to a wider public priority. Effective responses generally combine finding near-Earth objects, tracking their orbits, and communicating verified risk assessments. These measures are mutually reinforcing; when one is missing, progress may be temporary or uneven.
Astronomers and risk analysts must revise orbital estimates as additional observations become available. Their choices are shaped by available evidence, institutional capacity, and the consequences of delay. Because early data cover only a limited arc, initial impact probabilities may later rise or fall.
A persistent obstacle is that early estimates may appear alarming because a short observation record permits many possible trajectories. The aim is therefore not merely to react to individual incidents but to address the underlying conditions needed for sustained improvement. More observations can narrow uncertainty about an object’s future path.
Modern practice increasingly uses coordinated telescope networks and computational orbit models. In particular, automated sky surveys and shared international databases can make patterns visible and support earlier action. Nevertheless, A preliminary probability is a reason for continued observation, not proof that an impact will occur.
(Adapted and rewritten from official materials published by NASA.)
The word ‘Their’ in paragraph 2 refers to ______.
A. the consequences
B. individual incidents
C. modern practices
D. astronomers and risk analysts
Câu 26.
Planetary defence has moved from a specialist concern to a wider public priority. Effective responses generally combine finding near-Earth objects, tracking their orbits, and communicating verified risk assessments. These measures are mutually reinforcing; when one is missing, progress may be temporary or uneven.
Astronomers and risk analysts must revise orbital estimates as additional observations become available. Their choices are shaped by available evidence, institutional capacity, and the consequences of delay. Because early data cover only a limited arc, initial impact probabilities may later rise or fall.
A persistent obstacle is that early estimates may appear alarming because a short observation record permits many possible trajectories. The aim is therefore not merely to react to individual incidents but to address the underlying conditions needed for sustained improvement. More observations can narrow uncertainty about an object’s future path.
Modern practice increasingly uses coordinated telescope networks and computational orbit models. In particular, automated sky surveys and shared international databases can make patterns visible and support earlier action. Nevertheless, A preliminary probability is a reason for continued observation, not proof that an impact will occur.
(Adapted and rewritten from official materials published by NASA.)
The word ‘persistent’ in paragraph 3 could best be replaced by ______.
A. continuing
B. minor
C. accidental
D. invisible
Câu 27.
Planetary defence has moved from a specialist concern to a wider public priority. Effective responses generally combine finding near-Earth objects, tracking their orbits, and communicating verified risk assessments. These measures are mutually reinforcing; when one is missing, progress may be temporary or uneven.
Astronomers and risk analysts must revise orbital estimates as additional observations become available. Their choices are shaped by available evidence, institutional capacity, and the consequences of delay. Because early data cover only a limited arc, initial impact probabilities may later rise or fall.
A persistent obstacle is that early estimates may appear alarming because a short observation record permits many possible trajectories. The aim is therefore not merely to react to individual incidents but to address the underlying conditions needed for sustained improvement. More observations can narrow uncertainty about an object’s future path.
Modern practice increasingly uses coordinated telescope networks and computational orbit models. In particular, automated sky surveys and shared international databases can make patterns visible and support earlier action. Nevertheless, A preliminary probability is a reason for continued observation, not proof that an impact will occur.
(Adapted and rewritten from official materials published by NASA.)
Which of the following best paraphrases the final sentence?
A. Local knowledge should be ignored because it slows technical action.
B. A preliminary probability is a reason for continued observation, not proof that an impact will occur.
C. Technology automatically solves the problem once enough data are collected.
D. Human decisions are unnecessary when digital systems can detect patterns.
Câu 28.
Planetary defence has moved from a specialist concern to a wider public priority. Effective responses generally combine finding near-Earth objects, tracking their orbits, and communicating verified risk assessments. These measures are mutually reinforcing; when one is missing, progress may be temporary or uneven.
Astronomers and risk analysts must revise orbital estimates as additional observations become available. Their choices are shaped by available evidence, institutional capacity, and the consequences of delay. Because early data cover only a limited arc, initial impact probabilities may later rise or fall.
A persistent obstacle is that early estimates may appear alarming because a short observation record permits many possible trajectories. The aim is therefore not merely to react to individual incidents but to address the underlying conditions needed for sustained improvement. More observations can narrow uncertainty about an object’s future path.
Modern practice increasingly uses coordinated telescope networks and computational orbit models. In particular, automated sky surveys and shared international databases can make patterns visible and support earlier action. Nevertheless, A preliminary probability is a reason for continued observation, not proof that an impact will occur.
(Adapted and rewritten from official materials published by NASA.)
Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. A single isolated measure is always sufficient.
B. Uncertainty makes all preventive action pointless.
C. More observations can narrow uncertainty about an object’s future path.
D. Destroying every asteroid that passes near earth.
Câu 29.
Planetary defence has moved from a specialist concern to a wider public priority. Effective responses generally combine finding near-Earth objects, tracking their orbits, and communicating verified risk assessments. These measures are mutually reinforcing; when one is missing, progress may be temporary or uneven.
Astronomers and risk analysts must revise orbital estimates as additional observations become available. Their choices are shaped by available evidence, institutional capacity, and the consequences of delay. Because early data cover only a limited arc, initial impact probabilities may later rise or fall.
A persistent obstacle is that early estimates may appear alarming because a short observation record permits many possible trajectories. The aim is therefore not merely to react to individual incidents but to address the underlying conditions needed for sustained improvement. More observations can narrow uncertainty about an object’s future path.
Modern practice increasingly uses coordinated telescope networks and computational orbit models. In particular, automated sky surveys and shared international databases can make patterns visible and support earlier action. Nevertheless, A preliminary probability is a reason for continued observation, not proof that an impact will occur.
(Adapted and rewritten from official materials published by NASA.)
In which paragraph does the writer explain a causal relationship affecting the choices of key actors?
A. Paragraph 2
B. Paragraph 3
C. Paragraph 4
D. Paragraph 1
Câu 30.
Planetary defence has moved from a specialist concern to a wider public priority. Effective responses generally combine finding near-Earth objects, tracking their orbits, and communicating verified risk assessments. These measures are mutually reinforcing; when one is missing, progress may be temporary or uneven.
Astronomers and risk analysts must revise orbital estimates as additional observations become available. Their choices are shaped by available evidence, institutional capacity, and the consequences of delay. Because early data cover only a limited arc, initial impact probabilities may later rise or fall.
A persistent obstacle is that early estimates may appear alarming because a short observation record permits many possible trajectories. The aim is therefore not merely to react to individual incidents but to address the underlying conditions needed for sustained improvement. More observations can narrow uncertainty about an object’s future path.
Modern practice increasingly uses coordinated telescope networks and computational orbit models. In particular, automated sky surveys and shared international databases can make patterns visible and support earlier action. Nevertheless, A preliminary probability is a reason for continued observation, not proof that an impact will occur.
(Adapted and rewritten from official materials published by NASA.)
In which paragraph does the writer discuss modern tools for detecting patterns and supporting earlier action?
A. Paragraph 1
B. Paragraph 2
C. Paragraph 3
D. Paragraph 4
Câu 31.
[I] Solar eruptions can disturb the space environment around earth. [II] As a result, strong events may interfere with radio communication, satellites, navigation, and power systems. [III] A credible response centres on combining solar observations with models and timely operational alerts. [IV]
Implementation depends on continuous solar monitoring, reliable data transmission, and coordination with infrastructure operators. These factors can help only when responsibilities are clear and maintenance is continuous.
The consequences can be far-reaching. Disruptions can move from space-based equipment to services used on the ground. This means that decisions influence not only technical performance but also fairness and long-term resilience.
Effective planning therefore treats the issue as a system rather than a single piece of equipment. Forecasts are useful even though they cannot prevent solar activity. The discussion also suggests that Operators can reduce disruption when alerts arrive early enough for protective action.
(Adapted and rewritten from official materials published by NASA and meteorological agencies.)
Where in paragraph 1 does the following sentence best fit?
‘Yet the benefits depend on careful design rather than on the label attached to a project.’
A. [IV]
B. [I]
C. [II]
D. [III]
Câu 32.
[I] Solar eruptions can disturb the space environment around earth. [II] As a result, strong events may interfere with radio communication, satellites, navigation, and power systems. [III] A credible response centres on combining solar observations with models and timely operational alerts. [IV]
Implementation depends on continuous solar monitoring, reliable data transmission, and coordination with infrastructure operators. These factors can help only when responsibilities are clear and maintenance is continuous.
The consequences can be far-reaching. Disruptions can move from space-based equipment to services used on the ground. This means that decisions influence not only technical performance but also fairness and long-term resilience.
Effective planning therefore treats the issue as a system rather than a single piece of equipment. Forecasts are useful even though they cannot prevent solar activity. The discussion also suggests that Operators can reduce disruption when alerts arrive early enough for protective action.
(Adapted and rewritten from official materials published by NASA and meteorological agencies.)
The phrase ‘far-reaching’ in paragraph 3 could best be replaced by ______.
A. narrowly technical
B. completely invisible
C. wide-ranging
D. easy to reverse
Câu 33.
[I] Solar eruptions can disturb the space environment around earth. [II] As a result, strong events may interfere with radio communication, satellites, navigation, and power systems. [III] A credible response centres on combining solar observations with models and timely operational alerts. [IV]
Implementation depends on continuous solar monitoring, reliable data transmission, and coordination with infrastructure operators. These factors can help only when responsibilities are clear and maintenance is continuous.
The consequences can be far-reaching. Disruptions can move from space-based equipment to services used on the ground. This means that decisions influence not only technical performance but also fairness and long-term resilience.
Effective planning therefore treats the issue as a system rather than a single piece of equipment. Forecasts are useful even though they cannot prevent solar activity. The discussion also suggests that Operators can reduce disruption when alerts arrive early enough for protective action.
(Adapted and rewritten from official materials published by NASA and meteorological agencies.)
The expression ‘These factors’ in paragraph 2 refers to ______.
A. assuming every solar flare has identical effects
B. the label attached to a project
C. long-term resilience
D. continuous solar monitoring, reliable data transmission and coordination with infrastructure operators
Câu 34.
[I] Solar eruptions can disturb the space environment around earth. [II] As a result, strong events may interfere with radio communication, satellites, navigation, and power systems. [III] A credible response centres on combining solar observations with models and timely operational alerts. [IV]
Implementation depends on continuous solar monitoring, reliable data transmission, and coordination with infrastructure operators. These factors can help only when responsibilities are clear and maintenance is continuous.
The consequences can be far-reaching. Disruptions can move from space-based equipment to services used on the ground. This means that decisions influence not only technical performance but also fairness and long-term resilience.
Effective planning therefore treats the issue as a system rather than a single piece of equipment. Forecasts are useful even though they cannot prevent solar activity. The discussion also suggests that Operators can reduce disruption when alerts arrive early enough for protective action.
(Adapted and rewritten from official materials published by NASA and meteorological agencies.)
According to paragraph 2, which of the following is NOT an implementation factor?
A. continuous solar monitoring
B. assuming every solar flare has identical effects
C. reliable data transmission
D. coordination with infrastructure operators
Câu 35.
[I] Solar eruptions can disturb the space environment around earth. [II] As a result, strong events may interfere with radio communication, satellites, navigation, and power systems. [III] A credible response centres on combining solar observations with models and timely operational alerts. [IV]
Implementation depends on continuous solar monitoring, reliable data transmission, and coordination with infrastructure operators. These factors can help only when responsibilities are clear and maintenance is continuous.
The consequences can be far-reaching. Disruptions can move from space-based equipment to services used on the ground. This means that decisions influence not only technical performance but also fairness and long-term resilience.
Effective planning therefore treats the issue as a system rather than a single piece of equipment. Forecasts are useful even though they cannot prevent solar activity. The discussion also suggests that Operators can reduce disruption when alerts arrive early enough for protective action.
(Adapted and rewritten from official materials published by NASA and meteorological agencies.)
Which of the following best summarises paragraph 3?
A. All impacts disappear as soon as a pilot project begins.
B. Space-weather impacts can extend beyond satellites to everyday infrastructure.
C. The issue has no consequences beyond equipment performance.
D. Fairness is unrelated to technical and environmental decisions.
Câu 36.
[I] Solar eruptions can disturb the space environment around earth. [II] As a result, strong events may interfere with radio communication, satellites, navigation, and power systems. [III] A credible response centres on combining solar observations with models and timely operational alerts. [IV]
Implementation depends on continuous solar monitoring, reliable data transmission, and coordination with infrastructure operators. These factors can help only when responsibilities are clear and maintenance is continuous.
The consequences can be far-reaching. Disruptions can move from space-based equipment to services used on the ground. This means that decisions influence not only technical performance but also fairness and long-term resilience.
Effective planning therefore treats the issue as a system rather than a single piece of equipment. Forecasts are useful even though they cannot prevent solar activity. The discussion also suggests that Operators can reduce disruption when alerts arrive early enough for protective action.
(Adapted and rewritten from official materials published by NASA and meteorological agencies.)
The word ‘continuous’ in paragraph 2 is OPPOSITE in meaning to ______.
A. measurable
B. local
C. intermittent
D. expensive
Câu 37.
[I] Solar eruptions can disturb the space environment around earth. [II] As a result, strong events may interfere with radio communication, satellites, navigation, and power systems. [III] A credible response centres on combining solar observations with models and timely operational alerts. [IV]
Implementation depends on continuous solar monitoring, reliable data transmission, and coordination with infrastructure operators. These factors can help only when responsibilities are clear and maintenance is continuous.
The consequences can be far-reaching. Disruptions can move from space-based equipment to services used on the ground. This means that decisions influence not only technical performance but also fairness and long-term resilience.
Effective planning therefore treats the issue as a system rather than a single piece of equipment. Forecasts are useful even though they cannot prevent solar activity. The discussion also suggests that Operators can reduce disruption when alerts arrive early enough for protective action.
(Adapted and rewritten from official materials published by NASA and meteorological agencies.)
Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Assuming every solar flare has identical effects.
B. Maintenance is unnecessary after installation.
C. A project label guarantees successful results.
D. Forecasts are useful even though they cannot prevent solar activity.
Câu 38.
[I] Solar eruptions can disturb the space environment around earth. [II] As a result, strong events may interfere with radio communication, satellites, navigation, and power systems. [III] A credible response centres on combining solar observations with models and timely operational alerts. [IV]
Implementation depends on continuous solar monitoring, reliable data transmission, and coordination with infrastructure operators. These factors can help only when responsibilities are clear and maintenance is continuous.
The consequences can be far-reaching. Disruptions can move from space-based equipment to services used on the ground. This means that decisions influence not only technical performance but also fairness and long-term resilience.
Effective planning therefore treats the issue as a system rather than a single piece of equipment. Forecasts are useful even though they cannot prevent solar activity. The discussion also suggests that Operators can reduce disruption when alerts arrive early enough for protective action.
(Adapted and rewritten from official materials published by NASA and meteorological agencies.)
Which of the following best paraphrases the main idea of paragraph 4?
A. Successful planning combines technology, operations, responsibility, and long-term system thinking.
B. The issue can be solved by purchasing one advanced device.
C. Planning should avoid community or institutional responsibility.
D. Uncertainty means that no action should be taken.
Câu 39.
[I] Solar eruptions can disturb the space environment around earth. [II] As a result, strong events may interfere with radio communication, satellites, navigation, and power systems. [III] A credible response centres on combining solar observations with models and timely operational alerts. [IV]
Implementation depends on continuous solar monitoring, reliable data transmission, and coordination with infrastructure operators. These factors can help only when responsibilities are clear and maintenance is continuous.
The consequences can be far-reaching. Disruptions can move from space-based equipment to services used on the ground. This means that decisions influence not only technical performance but also fairness and long-term resilience.
Effective planning therefore treats the issue as a system rather than a single piece of equipment. Forecasts are useful even though they cannot prevent solar activity. The discussion also suggests that Operators can reduce disruption when alerts arrive early enough for protective action.
(Adapted and rewritten from official materials published by NASA and meteorological agencies.)
Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. Technical performance is the only legitimate evaluation criterion.
B. Operators can reduce disruption when alerts arrive early enough for protective action.
C. The recommended intervention works identically in every location.
D. Long-term maintenance reduces the need for all initial planning.
Câu 40.
[I] Solar eruptions can disturb the space environment around earth. [II] As a result, strong events may interfere with radio communication, satellites, navigation, and power systems. [III] A credible response centres on combining solar observations with models and timely operational alerts. [IV]
Implementation depends on continuous solar monitoring, reliable data transmission, and coordination with infrastructure operators. These factors can help only when responsibilities are clear and maintenance is continuous.
The consequences can be far-reaching. Disruptions can move from space-based equipment to services used on the ground. This means that decisions influence not only technical performance but also fairness and long-term resilience.
Effective planning therefore treats the issue as a system rather than a single piece of equipment. Forecasts are useful even though they cannot prevent solar activity. The discussion also suggests that Operators can reduce disruption when alerts arrive early enough for protective action.
(Adapted and rewritten from official materials published by NASA and meteorological agencies.)
Which of the following best summarises the passage?
A. The passage argues that assuming every solar flare has identical effects is the only effective strategy.
B. The passage claims that installing new technology automatically guarantees equitable and permanent success.
C. Space-weather services monitor solar activity, estimate possible effects, and help operators protect vulnerable technological systems.
D. Space-weather forecasting is a purely technical matter that has no social or environmental consequences.
